Kharif Strategy 2021

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  • Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
  • to achieve self-sufficiency in edible oil

What?

  • Multi-pronged strategy for oilseeds production
  • Plan for the free distribution of mini-kits of high-yielding varieties of seeds to farmers for 2021 kharif season
  • Through consultations between Central and State governments, strategy for both - area & productivity enhancement has been formulated for soybean & groundnut under NFSM (Oilseeds & Oil Palm)
    • inter-cropping
    • distribution of seeds in high potential districts
    • distribution of mini-kits
    • distribution of high-yielding/high quality seeds

Why?

  • To achieve self-sufficiency in the production of oilseeds
  • To enhance the productivity of oilseeds by increasing the availability of high yielding varieties of seeds

National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil Palm (NMOOP)

  • Launched in 2014-15
  • It is merged with NFSM (National Food Security Mission) since 2018-19

    Multi pronged Strategy:

  • Increasing Seed Replacement Ratio (SRR) in oil crops with focus on Varietal Replacement
  • Increasing irrigation coverage under oilseeds from 26% to 36%
  • Area Expansion
    • diversification of area from low yielding cereals crops to oilseeds crops
    • inter-cropping of oilseeds with cereals/pulses/sugarcane
    • Use of fallow land after paddy/potato cultivation
  • Expansion of cultivation of Oil Palm and tree borne oilseeds in watersheds and wastelands
  • Availability of quality planting materials and quality seeds
  • Processing of tree borne oilseeds
  • Productivity improvement and adoption of proven and climate-resilient technologies
    • water saving devices (sprinklers/rain gun)
    • zero tillage
    • inter-cropping
    • relay cropping
    • strategic application of micronutrient
    • soil ameliorants
  • Capacity building
    • Encouraging mechanization
    • Research projects
    • Training of farmers and extension officials
  • Supporting cluster demonstrations for adoption of good agricultural practices
  • Creation of 36 oilseed hubs with a focus on regional approach for larger availability of quality seeds.
  • Post-harvest management at  farm and village level

3 sub missions - 

for Oilseeds, for Oil Palm and for Tree Born Oilseeds (TBOs)

  • NFSM-Oilseeds
    • 7 annual oilseed crops, which include 6 edible oilseeds ( groundnut, rapeseed & mustard, soybean, sunflower, sesame) and one non-edible oilseeds ( linseed )
  • NFSM-Oil Palm
    • requirement of edible oil in the country is met through import of palm oil from Indonesia and Malaysia
    • to exploit domestic resources to maximize production to ensure edible oil security for the country
    • Oil palm is comparatively a new crop in India and is the highest vegetable oil yielding perennial crop. With quality planting materials, irrigation and proper management, there is potential of achieving 20-30 MT of Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFBs) per ha. after attaining the age of 5 years. Therefore, there is an urgent need to intensify efforts for area expansion under oil palm to enhance palm oil production in the country. 1200 ha. is being targeted to covered during the current financial year in the State.
  • NFSM-Tree Borne Oilseeds (TBOs)

National Mission on Edible Oils (NMEO)

  • Mission is for next 5 yrs (2020-2025)
  • 3 sub missions
    • Primary sources - includes annual crops, plantation crops and edible TBOs (Tree Borne Oilseeds)
    • Secondary sources - includes - rice bran oil and cotton seed oil
    • Consumer Awareness - to maintain edible oil consumption at 19.00 kg per person per annum; also for good health

Funding

  • ratio of centre to state contribution is 60:40 for general category of States, and 90:10 for North Eastern and Himalayan States
  • For purchase of breeder seeds, supply of mini-kits - 100% funding from Centre

Some Important Facts

  • Yellow Revolution
    • for attaining self-sufficiency in oilseeds production
    • during early 1990s
    • could not be sustained
  • India is
    • 5th largest oilseed crop producing country in the world 
    • but at the same time it is also the one of the largest importers of vegetable oils today
    • 2nd largest producer of groundnut (after China)
    • 3rd largest producer of rapeseed (after China & Canada)

Kharif Crops

Rabi Crops

Crop sowing - June-July - beginning of 1st monsoon rainsCrop sowing - mid November - after monsoon rains
Crops harvesting - September-OctoberCrops harvesting - April-May
Kharif = autumn season (in Arabic)Kharif = spring season (in Arabic)
Known as Summer crops/Monsoon crops - because it is sown in summer/monsoonKnown as Winter crops - because it is sown in winter
Requires good rainfallRequires less rainfall
Requires hot weather and good amount of water to growRequires warm climate for germination of seeds and cold climate to grow
Crops - Paddy (Rice), Maize(Corn), Bajra, Jowar, Sorghum, Cotton, SoybeanCrops - Wheat, Barley, Oats, Pulses, Mustard, Linseed

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